# 10. Bubble Sort¶

Studios are in-class activities to give you hands-on practice with new concepts. The first half is the Walkthrough, an instructor-led programming problem. The second half is for you to work on individually or in pairs in class.

These problems are not graded, and you are not obligated to finish them. Get as far as you can while in class, and use them as an opportunity to play with and solidify new concepts.

## Walkthrough¶

For the walkthrough, we’ll write a function that takes two parameters: a sorted list of numbers and a new number. The function should return a new list that is the result of inserting the new number into the sorted list in the correct, sorted order.

## Studio¶

One rite-of-passage in your programming life is to learn a bunch of canonical sorting algorithms: procedures for taking a jumbled list of numbers (or anything “sortable”), and putting all the numbers in order.

The simplest such algorithm is called “Bubble Sort”. The main idea of Bubble Sort is to swap any two successive elements in a list if they are not in order.

For example, the list [2, 1] would be sorted by swapping the 1 and 2 yielding [1, 2].

For a larger list, the swapping is done from front to back with each sequential pair.

Let’s sort the list [3, 5, 2]:

• We first take the 3, 5 pair and compare them. Since 3 < 5, we don’t do anything.
• Our list is still [3, 5, 2].
• The next pair is 5, 2. Since 5 > 2 we swap them in the list.
• Our list is now [3, 2, 5].
• Starting from the beginning again, we have the pair 3, 2, thus we swap again.
• Our list is now [2, 3, 5].
• At this point, the list is fully sorted, but we don’t know that until we actually check.
• So we start from the beginning yet again, but this time, we iterate over the entire list without ever having to perform any swaps. This is how we know the list is fully sorted.
• Done!

The pseudo code for the algorithm is as follows:

function bubble_sort (list)
is_sorted = False
while is_sorted is False
num_swaps = 0 ## Number of swaps made
for each pair, a b,  of sequential numbers in list
if a is greater than b
swap a and b
num_swaps = num_swaps + 1
if num_swaps is still 0, then set is_sorted to True
return list


Your job is to turn that pseudocode into real code!